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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */ /* * Stack depot - a stack trace storage that avoids duplication. * * Stack depot is intended to be used by subsystems that need to store and * later retrieve many potentially duplicated stack traces without wasting * memory. * * For example, KASAN needs to save allocation and free stack traces for each * object. Storing two stack traces per object requires a lot of memory (e.g. * SLUB_DEBUG needs 256 bytes per object for that). Since allocation and free * stack traces often repeat, using stack depot allows to save about 100x space. * * Author: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> * Copyright (C) 2016 Google, Inc. * * Based on the code by Dmitry Chernenkov. */ #ifndef _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H #define _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H #include <linux/gfp.h> typedef u32 depot_stack_handle_t; /* * Number of bits in the handle that stack depot doesn't use. Users may store * information in them via stack_depot_set/get_extra_bits. */ #define STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS 5 #define DEPOT_HANDLE_BITS (sizeof(depot_stack_handle_t) * 8) #define DEPOT_POOL_ORDER 2 /* Pool size order, 4 pages */ #define DEPOT_POOL_SIZE (1LL << (PAGE_SHIFT + DEPOT_POOL_ORDER)) #define DEPOT_STACK_ALIGN 4 #define DEPOT_OFFSET_BITS (DEPOT_POOL_ORDER + PAGE_SHIFT - DEPOT_STACK_ALIGN) #define DEPOT_POOL_INDEX_BITS (DEPOT_HANDLE_BITS - DEPOT_OFFSET_BITS - \ STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS) #ifdef CONFIG_STACKDEPOT /* Compact structure that stores a reference to a stack. */ union handle_parts { depot_stack_handle_t handle; struct { u32 pool_index_plus_1 : DEPOT_POOL_INDEX_BITS; u32 offset : DEPOT_OFFSET_BITS; u32 extra : STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS; }; }; struct stack_record { struct list_head hash_list; /* Links in the hash table */ u32 hash; /* Hash in hash table */ u32 size; /* Number of stored frames */ union handle_parts handle; /* Constant after initialization */ refcount_t count; union { unsigned long entries[CONFIG_STACKDEPOT_MAX_FRAMES]; /* Frames */ struct { /* * An important invariant of the implementation is to * only place a stack record onto the freelist iff its * refcount is zero. Because stack records with a zero * refcount are never considered as valid, it is safe to * union @entries and freelist management state below. * Conversely, as soon as an entry is off the freelist * and its refcount becomes non-zero, the below must not * be accessed until being placed back on the freelist. */ struct list_head free_list; /* Links in the freelist */ unsigned long rcu_state; /* RCU cookie */ }; }; }; #endif typedef u32 depot_flags_t; /* * Flags that can be passed to stack_depot_save_flags(); see the comment next * to its declaration for more details. */ #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC ((depot_flags_t)0x0001) #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET ((depot_flags_t)0x0002) #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM 2 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_MASK ((depot_flags_t)((1 << STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM) - 1)) /* * Using stack depot requires its initialization, which can be done in 3 ways: * * 1. Selecting CONFIG_STACKDEPOT_ALWAYS_INIT. This option is suitable in * scenarios where it's known at compile time that stack depot will be used. * Enabling this config makes the kernel initialize stack depot in mm_init(). * * 2. Calling stack_depot_request_early_init() during early boot, before * stack_depot_early_init() in mm_init() completes. For example, this can * be done when evaluating kernel boot parameters. * * 3. Calling stack_depot_init(). Possible after boot is complete. This option * is recommended for modules initialized later in the boot process, after * mm_init() completes. * * stack_depot_init() and stack_depot_request_early_init() can be called * regardless of whether CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled and are no-op when this * config is disabled. The save/fetch/print stack depot functions can only be * called from the code that makes sure CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled _and_ * initializes stack depot via one of the ways listed above. */ #ifdef CONFIG_STACKDEPOT int stack_depot_init(void); void __init stack_depot_request_early_init(void); /* Must be only called from mm_init(). */ int __init stack_depot_early_init(void); #else static inline int stack_depot_init(void) { return 0; } static inline void stack_depot_request_early_init(void) { } static inline int stack_depot_early_init(void) { return 0; } #endif /** * stack_depot_save_flags - Save a stack trace to stack depot * * @entries: Pointer to the stack trace * @nr_entries: Number of frames in the stack * @alloc_flags: Allocation GFP flags * @depot_flags: Stack depot flags * * Saves a stack trace from @entries array of size @nr_entries. * * If STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is set in @depot_flags, stack depot can * replenish the stack pools in case no space is left (allocates using GFP * flags of @alloc_flags). Otherwise, stack depot avoids any allocations and * fails if no space is left to store the stack trace. * * If STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET is set in @depot_flags, stack depot will increment * the refcount on the saved stack trace if it already exists in stack depot. * Users of this flag must also call stack_depot_put() when keeping the stack * trace is no longer required to avoid overflowing the refcount. * * If the provided stack trace comes from the interrupt context, only the part * up to the interrupt entry is saved. * * Context: Any context, but unsetting STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is required if * alloc_pages() cannot be used from the current context. Currently * this is the case for contexts where neither %GFP_ATOMIC nor * %GFP_NOWAIT can be used (NMI, raw_spin_lock). * * Return: Handle of the stack struct stored in depot, 0 on failure */ depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save_flags(unsigned long *entries, unsigned int nr_entries, gfp_t alloc_flags, depot_flags_t depot_flags); /** * stack_depot_save - Save a stack trace to stack depot * * @entries: Pointer to the stack trace * @nr_entries: Number of frames in the stack * @alloc_flags: Allocation GFP flags * * Does not increment the refcount on the saved stack trace; see * stack_depot_save_flags() for more details. * * Context: Contexts where allocations via alloc_pages() are allowed; * see stack_depot_save_flags() for more details. * * Return: Handle of the stack trace stored in depot, 0 on failure */ depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save(unsigned long *entries, unsigned int nr_entries, gfp_t alloc_flags); /** * __stack_depot_get_stack_record - Get a pointer to a stack_record struct * * @handle: Stack depot handle * * This function is only for internal purposes. * * Return: Returns a pointer to a stack_record struct */ struct stack_record *__stack_depot_get_stack_record(depot_stack_handle_t handle); /** * stack_depot_fetch - Fetch a stack trace from stack depot * * @handle: Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save() * @entries: Pointer to store the address of the stack trace * * Return: Number of frames for the fetched stack */ unsigned int stack_depot_fetch(depot_stack_handle_t handle, unsigned long **entries); /** * stack_depot_print - Print a stack trace from stack depot * * @stack: Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save() */ void stack_depot_print(depot_stack_handle_t stack); /** * stack_depot_snprint - Print a stack trace from stack depot into a buffer * * @handle: Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save() * @buf: Pointer to the print buffer * @size: Size of the print buffer * @spaces: Number of leading spaces to print * * Return: Number of bytes printed */ int stack_depot_snprint(depot_stack_handle_t handle, char *buf, size_t size, int spaces); /** * stack_depot_put - Drop a reference to a stack trace from stack depot * * @handle: Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save() * * The stack trace is evicted from stack depot once all references to it have * been dropped (once the number of stack_depot_evict() calls matches the * number of stack_depot_save_flags() calls with STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET set for * this stack trace). */ void stack_depot_put(depot_stack_handle_t handle); /** * stack_depot_set_extra_bits - Set extra bits in a stack depot handle * * @handle: Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save() * @extra_bits: Value to set the extra bits * * Return: Stack depot handle with extra bits set * * Stack depot handles have a few unused bits, which can be used for storing * user-specific information. These bits are transparent to the stack depot. */ depot_stack_handle_t __must_check stack_depot_set_extra_bits( depot_stack_handle_t handle, unsigned int extra_bits); /** * stack_depot_get_extra_bits - Retrieve extra bits from a stack depot handle * * @handle: Stack depot handle with extra bits saved * * Return: Extra bits retrieved from the stack depot handle */ unsigned int stack_depot_get_extra_bits(depot_stack_handle_t handle); #endif