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--- title: Porting systemd To New Distributions category: Concepts layout: default SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later --- # Porting systemd To New Distributions ## HOWTO You need to make the follow changes to adapt systemd to your distribution: 1. Find the right configure parameters for: * `-Dsysvinit-path=` * `-Dsysvrcnd-path=` * `-Drc-local=` * `-Dloadkeys-path=` * `-Dsetfont-path=` * `-Dtty-gid=` * `-Dntp-servers=` * `-Ddns-servers=` * `-Dsupport-url=` 2. Try it out. Play around (as an ordinary user) with `/usr/lib/systemd/systemd --test --system` for a test run of systemd without booting. This will read the unit files and print the initial transaction it would execute during boot-up. This will also inform you about ordering loops and suchlike. ## Compilation options The default configuration does not enable any optimization or hardening options. This is suitable for development and testing, but not for end-user installations. For deployment, optimization (`-O2` or `-O3` compiler options), link time optimization (`-Db_lto=true` meson option), and hardening (e.g. `-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2`, `-fstack-protector-strong`, `-fstack-clash-protection`, `-fcf-protection`, `-pie` compiler options, and `-z relro`, `-z now`, `--as-needed` linker options) are recommended. The most appropriate set of options depends on the architecture and distribution specifics so no default is provided. ## NTP Pool By default, systemd-timesyncd uses the Google Public NTP servers `time[1-4].google.com`, if no other NTP configuration is available. They serve time that uses a [leap second smear](https://developers.google.com/time/smear) and can be up to .5s off from servers that use stepped leap seconds. If you prefer to use leap second steps, please register your own vendor pool at ntp.org and make it the built-in default by passing `-Dntp-servers=` to meson. Registering vendor pools is [free](http://www.pool.ntp.org/en/vendors.html). Use `-Dntp-servers=` to direct systemd-timesyncd to different fallback NTP servers. ## DNS Servers By default, systemd-resolved uses Cloudflare and Google Public DNS servers `1.1.1.1`, `8.8.8.8`, `1.0.0.1`, `8.8.4.4`, `2606:4700:4700::1111`, `2001:4860:4860::8888`, `2606:4700:4700::1001`, `2001:4860:4860::8844` as fallback, if no other DNS configuration is available. Use `-Ddns-servers=` to direct systemd-resolved to different fallback DNS servers. ## PAM The default PAM config shipped by systemd is really bare bones. It does not include many modules your distro might want to enable to provide a more seamless experience. For example, limits set in `/etc/security/limits.conf` will not be read unless you load `pam_limits`. Make sure you add modules your distro expects from user services. Pass `-Dpamconfdir=no` to meson to avoid installing this file and instead install your own. ## Contributing Upstream We generally no longer accept distribution-specific patches to systemd upstream. If you have to make changes to systemd's source code to make it work on your distribution, unless your code is generic enough to be generally useful, we are unlikely to merge it. Please always consider adopting the upstream defaults. If that is not possible, please maintain the relevant patches downstream. Thank you for understanding.