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<?php /** * CodeIgniter * * An open source application development framework for PHP * * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT) * * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2018, British Columbia Institute of Technology * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN * THE SOFTWARE. * * @package CodeIgniter * @author EllisLab Dev Team * @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/) * @copyright Copyright (c) 2014 - 2018, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/) * @license http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT MIT License * @link https://codeigniter.com * @since Version 3.0.0 * @filesource */ defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed'); /** * CodeIgniter Encryption Class * * Provides two-way keyed encryption via PHP's MCrypt and/or OpenSSL extensions. * * @package CodeIgniter * @subpackage Libraries * @category Libraries * @author Andrey Andreev * @link https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/encryption.html */ class CI_Encryption { /** * Encryption cipher * * @var string */ protected $_cipher = 'aes-128'; /** * Cipher mode * * @var string */ protected $_mode = 'cbc'; /** * Cipher handle * * @var mixed */ protected $_handle; /** * Encryption key * * @var string */ protected $_key; /** * PHP extension to be used * * @var string */ protected $_driver; /** * List of usable drivers (PHP extensions) * * @var array */ protected $_drivers = array(); /** * List of available modes * * @var array */ protected $_modes = array( 'mcrypt' => array( 'cbc' => 'cbc', 'ecb' => 'ecb', 'ofb' => 'nofb', 'ofb8' => 'ofb', 'cfb' => 'ncfb', 'cfb8' => 'cfb', 'ctr' => 'ctr', 'stream' => 'stream' ), 'openssl' => array( 'cbc' => 'cbc', 'ecb' => 'ecb', 'ofb' => 'ofb', 'cfb' => 'cfb', 'cfb8' => 'cfb8', 'ctr' => 'ctr', 'stream' => '', 'xts' => 'xts' ) ); /** * List of supported HMAC algorithms * * name => digest size pairs * * @var array */ protected $_digests = array( 'sha224' => 28, 'sha256' => 32, 'sha384' => 48, 'sha512' => 64 ); /** * mbstring.func_overload flag * * @var bool */ protected static $func_overload; // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Class constructor * * @param array $params Configuration parameters * @return void */ public function __construct(array $params = array()) { $this->_drivers = array( 'mcrypt' => defined('MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM'), 'openssl' => extension_loaded('openssl') ); if ( ! $this->_drivers['mcrypt'] && ! $this->_drivers['openssl']) { show_error('Encryption: Unable to find an available encryption driver.'); } isset(self::$func_overload) OR self::$func_overload = (extension_loaded('mbstring') && ini_get('mbstring.func_overload')); $this->initialize($params); if ( ! isset($this->_key) && self::strlen($key = config_item('encryption_key')) > 0) { $this->_key = $key; } log_message('info', 'Encryption Class Initialized'); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Initialize * * @param array $params Configuration parameters * @return CI_Encryption */ public function initialize(array $params) { if ( ! empty($params['driver'])) { if (isset($this->_drivers[$params['driver']])) { if ($this->_drivers[$params['driver']]) { $this->_driver = $params['driver']; } else { log_message('error', "Encryption: Driver '".$params['driver']."' is not available."); } } else { log_message('error', "Encryption: Unknown driver '".$params['driver']."' cannot be configured."); } } if (empty($this->_driver)) { $this->_driver = ($this->_drivers['openssl'] === TRUE) ? 'openssl' : 'mcrypt'; log_message('debug', "Encryption: Auto-configured driver '".$this->_driver."'."); } empty($params['cipher']) && $params['cipher'] = $this->_cipher; empty($params['key']) OR $this->_key = $params['key']; $this->{'_'.$this->_driver.'_initialize'}($params); return $this; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Initialize MCrypt * * @param array $params Configuration parameters * @return void */ protected function _mcrypt_initialize($params) { if ( ! empty($params['cipher'])) { $params['cipher'] = strtolower($params['cipher']); $this->_cipher_alias($params['cipher']); if ( ! in_array($params['cipher'], mcrypt_list_algorithms(), TRUE)) { log_message('error', 'Encryption: MCrypt cipher '.strtoupper($params['cipher']).' is not available.'); } else { $this->_cipher = $params['cipher']; } } if ( ! empty($params['mode'])) { $params['mode'] = strtolower($params['mode']); if ( ! isset($this->_modes['mcrypt'][$params['mode']])) { log_message('error', 'Encryption: MCrypt mode '.strtoupper($params['mode']).' is not available.'); } else { $this->_mode = $this->_modes['mcrypt'][$params['mode']]; } } if (isset($this->_cipher, $this->_mode)) { if (is_resource($this->_handle) && (strtolower(mcrypt_enc_get_algorithms_name($this->_handle)) !== $this->_cipher OR strtolower(mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name($this->_handle)) !== $this->_mode) ) { mcrypt_module_close($this->_handle); } if ($this->_handle = mcrypt_module_open($this->_cipher, '', $this->_mode, '')) { log_message('info', 'Encryption: MCrypt cipher '.strtoupper($this->_cipher).' initialized in '.strtoupper($this->_mode).' mode.'); } else { log_message('error', 'Encryption: Unable to initialize MCrypt with cipher '.strtoupper($this->_cipher).' in '.strtoupper($this->_mode).' mode.'); } } } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Initialize OpenSSL * * @param array $params Configuration parameters * @return void */ protected function _openssl_initialize($params) { if ( ! empty($params['cipher'])) { $params['cipher'] = strtolower($params['cipher']); $this->_cipher_alias($params['cipher']); $this->_cipher = $params['cipher']; } if ( ! empty($params['mode'])) { $params['mode'] = strtolower($params['mode']); if ( ! isset($this->_modes['openssl'][$params['mode']])) { log_message('error', 'Encryption: OpenSSL mode '.strtoupper($params['mode']).' is not available.'); } else { $this->_mode = $this->_modes['openssl'][$params['mode']]; } } if (isset($this->_cipher, $this->_mode)) { // This is mostly for the stream mode, which doesn't get suffixed in OpenSSL $handle = empty($this->_mode) ? $this->_cipher : $this->_cipher.'-'.$this->_mode; if ( ! in_array($handle, openssl_get_cipher_methods(), TRUE)) { $this->_handle = NULL; log_message('error', 'Encryption: Unable to initialize OpenSSL with method '.strtoupper($handle).'.'); } else { $this->_handle = $handle; log_message('info', 'Encryption: OpenSSL initialized with method '.strtoupper($handle).'.'); } } } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Create a random key * * @param int $length Output length * @return string */ public function create_key($length) { if (function_exists('random_bytes')) { try { return random_bytes((int) $length); } catch (Exception $e) { log_message('error', $e->getMessage()); return FALSE; } } elseif (defined('MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM')) { return mcrypt_create_iv($length, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM); } $is_secure = NULL; $key = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length, $is_secure); return ($is_secure === TRUE) ? $key : FALSE; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Encrypt * * @param string $data Input data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ public function encrypt($data, array $params = NULL) { if (($params = $this->_get_params($params)) === FALSE) { return FALSE; } isset($params['key']) OR $params['key'] = $this->hkdf($this->_key, 'sha512', NULL, self::strlen($this->_key), 'encryption'); if (($data = $this->{'_'.$this->_driver.'_encrypt'}($data, $params)) === FALSE) { return FALSE; } $params['base64'] && $data = base64_encode($data); if (isset($params['hmac_digest'])) { isset($params['hmac_key']) OR $params['hmac_key'] = $this->hkdf($this->_key, 'sha512', NULL, NULL, 'authentication'); return hash_hmac($params['hmac_digest'], $data, $params['hmac_key'], ! $params['base64']).$data; } return $data; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Encrypt via MCrypt * * @param string $data Input data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ protected function _mcrypt_encrypt($data, $params) { if ( ! is_resource($params['handle'])) { return FALSE; } // The greater-than-1 comparison is mostly a work-around for a bug, // where 1 is returned for ARCFour instead of 0. $iv = (($iv_size = mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size($params['handle'])) > 1) ? $this->create_key($iv_size) : NULL; if (mcrypt_generic_init($params['handle'], $params['key'], $iv) < 0) { if ($params['handle'] !== $this->_handle) { mcrypt_module_close($params['handle']); } return FALSE; } // Use PKCS#7 padding in order to ensure compatibility with OpenSSL // and other implementations outside of PHP. if (in_array(strtolower(mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name($params['handle'])), array('cbc', 'ecb'), TRUE)) { $block_size = mcrypt_enc_get_block_size($params['handle']); $pad = $block_size - (self::strlen($data) % $block_size); $data .= str_repeat(chr($pad), $pad); } // Work-around for yet another strange behavior in MCrypt. // // When encrypting in ECB mode, the IV is ignored. Yet // mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size() returns a value larger than 0 // even if ECB is used AND mcrypt_generic_init() complains // if you don't pass an IV with length equal to the said // return value. // // This probably would've been fine (even though still wasteful), // but OpenSSL isn't that dumb and we need to make the process // portable, so ... $data = (mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name($params['handle']) !== 'ECB') ? $iv.mcrypt_generic($params['handle'], $data) : mcrypt_generic($params['handle'], $data); mcrypt_generic_deinit($params['handle']); if ($params['handle'] !== $this->_handle) { mcrypt_module_close($params['handle']); } return $data; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Encrypt via OpenSSL * * @param string $data Input data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ protected function _openssl_encrypt($data, $params) { if (empty($params['handle'])) { return FALSE; } $iv = ($iv_size = openssl_cipher_iv_length($params['handle'])) ? $this->create_key($iv_size) : NULL; $data = openssl_encrypt( $data, $params['handle'], $params['key'], 1, // DO NOT TOUCH! $iv ); if ($data === FALSE) { return FALSE; } return $iv.$data; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Decrypt * * @param string $data Encrypted data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ public function decrypt($data, array $params = NULL) { if (($params = $this->_get_params($params)) === FALSE) { return FALSE; } if (isset($params['hmac_digest'])) { // This might look illogical, but it is done during encryption as well ... // The 'base64' value is effectively an inverted "raw data" parameter $digest_size = ($params['base64']) ? $this->_digests[$params['hmac_digest']] * 2 : $this->_digests[$params['hmac_digest']]; if (self::strlen($data) <= $digest_size) { return FALSE; } $hmac_input = self::substr($data, 0, $digest_size); $data = self::substr($data, $digest_size); isset($params['hmac_key']) OR $params['hmac_key'] = $this->hkdf($this->_key, 'sha512', NULL, NULL, 'authentication'); $hmac_check = hash_hmac($params['hmac_digest'], $data, $params['hmac_key'], ! $params['base64']); // Time-attack-safe comparison $diff = 0; for ($i = 0; $i < $digest_size; $i++) { $diff |= ord($hmac_input[$i]) ^ ord($hmac_check[$i]); } if ($diff !== 0) { return FALSE; } } if ($params['base64']) { $data = base64_decode($data); } isset($params['key']) OR $params['key'] = $this->hkdf($this->_key, 'sha512', NULL, self::strlen($this->_key), 'encryption'); return $this->{'_'.$this->_driver.'_decrypt'}($data, $params); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Decrypt via MCrypt * * @param string $data Encrypted data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ protected function _mcrypt_decrypt($data, $params) { if ( ! is_resource($params['handle'])) { return FALSE; } // The greater-than-1 comparison is mostly a work-around for a bug, // where 1 is returned for ARCFour instead of 0. if (($iv_size = mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size($params['handle'])) > 1) { if (mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name($params['handle']) !== 'ECB') { $iv = self::substr($data, 0, $iv_size); $data = self::substr($data, $iv_size); } else { // MCrypt is dumb and this is ignored, only size matters $iv = str_repeat("\x0", $iv_size); } } else { $iv = NULL; } if (mcrypt_generic_init($params['handle'], $params['key'], $iv) < 0) { if ($params['handle'] !== $this->_handle) { mcrypt_module_close($params['handle']); } return FALSE; } $data = mdecrypt_generic($params['handle'], $data); // Remove PKCS#7 padding, if necessary if (in_array(strtolower(mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name($params['handle'])), array('cbc', 'ecb'), TRUE)) { $data = self::substr($data, 0, -ord($data[self::strlen($data)-1])); } mcrypt_generic_deinit($params['handle']); if ($params['handle'] !== $this->_handle) { mcrypt_module_close($params['handle']); } return $data; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Decrypt via OpenSSL * * @param string $data Encrypted data * @param array $params Input parameters * @return string */ protected function _openssl_decrypt($data, $params) { if ($iv_size = openssl_cipher_iv_length($params['handle'])) { $iv = self::substr($data, 0, $iv_size); $data = self::substr($data, $iv_size); } else { $iv = NULL; } return empty($params['handle']) ? FALSE : openssl_decrypt( $data, $params['handle'], $params['key'], 1, // DO NOT TOUCH! $iv ); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Get params * * @param array $params Input parameters * @return array */ protected function _get_params($params) { if (empty($params)) { return isset($this->_cipher, $this->_mode, $this->_key, $this->_handle) ? array( 'handle' => $this->_handle, 'cipher' => $this->_cipher, 'mode' => $this->_mode, 'key' => NULL, 'base64' => TRUE, 'hmac_digest' => 'sha512', 'hmac_key' => NULL ) : FALSE; } elseif ( ! isset($params['cipher'], $params['mode'], $params['key'])) { return FALSE; } if (isset($params['mode'])) { $params['mode'] = strtolower($params['mode']); if ( ! isset($this->_modes[$this->_driver][$params['mode']])) { return FALSE; } $params['mode'] = $this->_modes[$this->_driver][$params['mode']]; } if (isset($params['hmac']) && $params['hmac'] === FALSE) { $params['hmac_digest'] = $params['hmac_key'] = NULL; } else { if ( ! isset($params['hmac_key'])) { return FALSE; } elseif (isset($params['hmac_digest'])) { $params['hmac_digest'] = strtolower($params['hmac_digest']); if ( ! isset($this->_digests[$params['hmac_digest']])) { return FALSE; } } else { $params['hmac_digest'] = 'sha512'; } } $params = array( 'handle' => NULL, 'cipher' => $params['cipher'], 'mode' => $params['mode'], 'key' => $params['key'], 'base64' => isset($params['raw_data']) ? ! $params['raw_data'] : FALSE, 'hmac_digest' => $params['hmac_digest'], 'hmac_key' => $params['hmac_key'] ); $this->_cipher_alias($params['cipher']); $params['handle'] = ($params['cipher'] !== $this->_cipher OR $params['mode'] !== $this->_mode) ? $this->{'_'.$this->_driver.'_get_handle'}($params['cipher'], $params['mode']) : $this->_handle; return $params; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Get MCrypt handle * * @param string $cipher Cipher name * @param string $mode Encryption mode * @return resource */ protected function _mcrypt_get_handle($cipher, $mode) { return mcrypt_module_open($cipher, '', $mode, ''); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Get OpenSSL handle * * @param string $cipher Cipher name * @param string $mode Encryption mode * @return string */ protected function _openssl_get_handle($cipher, $mode) { // OpenSSL methods aren't suffixed with '-stream' for this mode return ($mode === 'stream') ? $cipher : $cipher.'-'.$mode; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Cipher alias * * Tries to translate cipher names between MCrypt and OpenSSL's "dialects". * * @param string $cipher Cipher name * @return void */ protected function _cipher_alias(&$cipher) { static $dictionary; if (empty($dictionary)) { $dictionary = array( 'mcrypt' => array( 'aes-128' => 'rijndael-128', 'aes-192' => 'rijndael-128', 'aes-256' => 'rijndael-128', 'des3-ede3' => 'tripledes', 'bf' => 'blowfish', 'cast5' => 'cast-128', 'rc4' => 'arcfour', 'rc4-40' => 'arcfour' ), 'openssl' => array( 'rijndael-128' => 'aes-128', 'tripledes' => 'des-ede3', 'blowfish' => 'bf', 'cast-128' => 'cast5', 'arcfour' => 'rc4-40', 'rc4' => 'rc4-40' ) ); // Notes: // // - Rijndael-128 is, at the same time all three of AES-128, // AES-192 and AES-256. The only difference between them is // the key size. Rijndael-192, Rijndael-256 on the other hand // also have different block sizes and are NOT AES-compatible. // // - Blowfish is said to be supporting key sizes between // 4 and 56 bytes, but it appears that between MCrypt and // OpenSSL, only those of 16 and more bytes are compatible. // Also, don't know what MCrypt's 'blowfish-compat' is. // // - CAST-128/CAST5 produces a longer cipher when encrypted via // OpenSSL, but (strangely enough) can be decrypted by either // extension anyway. // Also, it appears that OpenSSL uses 16 rounds regardless of // the key size, while RFC2144 says that for key sizes lower // than 11 bytes, only 12 rounds should be used. This makes // it portable only with keys of between 11 and 16 bytes. // // - RC4 (ARCFour) has a strange implementation under OpenSSL. // Its 'rc4-40' cipher method seems to work flawlessly, yet // there's another one, 'rc4' that only works with a 16-byte key. // // - DES is compatible, but doesn't need an alias. // // Other seemingly matching ciphers between MCrypt, OpenSSL: // // - RC2 is NOT compatible and only an obscure forum post // confirms that it is MCrypt's fault. } if (isset($dictionary[$this->_driver][$cipher])) { $cipher = $dictionary[$this->_driver][$cipher]; } } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * HKDF * * @link https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5869.txt * @param $key Input key * @param $digest A SHA-2 hashing algorithm * @param $salt Optional salt * @param $length Output length (defaults to the selected digest size) * @param $info Optional context/application-specific info * @return string A pseudo-random key */ public function hkdf($key, $digest = 'sha512', $salt = NULL, $length = NULL, $info = '') { if ( ! isset($this->_digests[$digest])) { return FALSE; } if (empty($length) OR ! is_int($length)) { $length = $this->_digests[$digest]; } elseif ($length > (255 * $this->_digests[$digest])) { return FALSE; } self::strlen($salt) OR $salt = str_repeat("\0", $this->_digests[$digest]); $prk = hash_hmac($digest, $key, $salt, TRUE); $key = ''; for ($key_block = '', $block_index = 1; self::strlen($key) < $length; $block_index++) { $key_block = hash_hmac($digest, $key_block.$info.chr($block_index), $prk, TRUE); $key .= $key_block; } return self::substr($key, 0, $length); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * __get() magic * * @param string $key Property name * @return mixed */ public function __get($key) { // Because aliases if ($key === 'mode') { return array_search($this->_mode, $this->_modes[$this->_driver], TRUE); } elseif (in_array($key, array('cipher', 'driver', 'drivers', 'digests'), TRUE)) { return $this->{'_'.$key}; } return NULL; } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Byte-safe strlen() * * @param string $str * @return int */ protected static function strlen($str) { return (self::$func_overload) ? mb_strlen($str, '8bit') : strlen($str); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Byte-safe substr() * * @param string $str * @param int $start * @param int $length * @return string */ protected static function substr($str, $start, $length = NULL) { if (self::$func_overload) { // mb_substr($str, $start, null, '8bit') returns an empty // string on PHP 5.3 isset($length) OR $length = ($start >= 0 ? self::strlen($str) - $start : -$start); return mb_substr($str, $start, $length, '8bit'); } return isset($length) ? substr($str, $start, $length) : substr($str, $start); } }